Muhammad Iqbal

"Iqbal" redirects here. For other uses, see Iqbal (disambiguation).

Allama Dr. Sir Mohammad Iqbal
علامہ محمد اقبال
Born November 9, 1877 in Sialkot
Punjab, British Raj
Died April 21, 1938 (aged 60)
Lahore, Punjab, British Raj
Era Modern era
Region Islamic Philosophy
School Sufism, Islam
Main interests poetry, philosophy, sufism.
Influenced by[show]
Aristotle, Rumi, Ahmed Sirhindi, Goethe, Nietzsche
Influenced[show]
Indian independence movement,Khilafat movement,Israr Ahmed, Abul Ala Maududi, Ali Khamenei, Ali Shariati, Khalilollah Khalili, Jawdat Said

Allama Dr. Sir Mohammad Iqbal (Punjabi, Urdu: علامہ محمد اقبال; November 9, 1877, Sialkot – April 21, 1938, Lahore) was a Persian- and Urdu-language poet, philosopher and politician[1] He is commonly referred to as Allama Iqbal (علامہ اقبال‎, Allama meaning "Scholar").

After studying in Cambridge, Munich and Heidelberg, Iqbal established a law practice, but concentrated primarily on writing scholarly works on politics, economics,ishi history, philosophy and religion. He is best known for his poetic works, including Asrar-e-Khudi—for which he was knighted— Rumuz-e-Bekhudi, and the Bang-e-Dara, with its enduring patriotic song Tarana-e-Hind. In India, he is widely regarded for the patriotic song, Saare Jahan Se Achcha. In Afghanistan and Iran, where he is known as Eghbāl-e-Lāhoorī (اقبال لاہوری‎ Iqbal of Lahore), he is highly regarded for his Persian works.

Iqbal was a strong proponent of the political and spiritual revival of Islamic civilisation across the world, but specifically in South Asia; a series of famous lectures he delivered to this effect were published as The Reconstruction of Religious Thought in Islam. One of the most prominent leaders of the All India Muslim League, Iqbal encouraged the creation of a "state in northwestern India for Muslims" in his 1930 presidential address.[2] Iqbal encouraged and worked closely with Muhammad Ali Jinnah, and he is known as Muffakir-e-Pakistan ("The Thinker of Pakistan"), Shair-e-Mashriq ("The Poet of the East"), and Hakeem-ul-Ummat ("The Sage of Ummah"). He is officially recognized as the national poet of Pakistan.[3][4][5] The anniversary of his birth (یوم ولادت محمد اقبال‎ - Yōm-e Welādat-e Muḥammad Iqbāl) is on November 9, and is a national holiday in Pakistan.